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Regular terpolymers with fluorinated bithiophene units for high-performing photovoltaic cells

We demonstrate effective structural control of various electron-donating moieties containing bithiophene (BT) and naphthalene derivatives with 3,3?-difluoro-2,2?-bithiophene in a regular terpolymer system and compare the properties of these polymers with those of the three binary copolymers PDPPNp, PDPPBT, and PDPPFBT. PDPPBF and PDPPNF were successfully synthesized to be diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-based terpolymers. The optical and electronic properties of these regular terpolymers could be precisely controlled by introducing three different components in the repeating units. A polymer solar cell (PSC) made of PDPPNF, which contains naphthalene as a weak donating unit, had a high open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.77 V, resulting from a relatively deep HOMO energy level. In contrast, PDPPBF bearing BT, which is an example of a relatively strong electron-donating unit, had a higher short-circuit current density (Jsc = 13.44 mA cm-2) than that of PDPPFBT. Therefore, improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) was possible in a PSC made of PDPPBF containing the electron-donating bithiophene unit in the terpolymer backbone. However, the improved internal morphology, as characterized by AFM and TEM, was the primary contributor to the enhanced PCEs (i.e., 6.38% and 6.39% for PDPPBF and PDPPNF, respectively).

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

Extracurricular laboratory:new discovery of Pd2(DBA)3

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Synthesis of a class of binaphthyl monophosphine ligands with a naphthofuran skeleton and their applications in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions

A series of new monophosphine ligands containing a naphthofuran skeleton have been prepared, characterized and evaluated in palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions. Using Pd2(dba)3-L6 as the catalyst the reactions were performed with high catalytic activity under mild reaction conditions and the desired coupling products were obtained in good to excellent yields. The new catalyst system also showed broad substrate adaptability and practicality for gram-scale production.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Synthesis of florisil materials modified with aliphatic or aromatic groups and the application for pipette-tip solid-phase extraction of rutin in orange peel

After being coupled, florisil was modified with four kinds of aliphatic or aromatic groups and were applied to the determination of rutin in orange peel sample by a pipette-tip solid-phase extraction method. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and specific surface area by Brunauer Emmett Teller N2 adsorption desorption analysis. Florisil and five modified materials were tested by static adsorption, and the result showed that the material with 4-bromoanisole had the best adsorption amount for rutin. Under optimum conditions: 4?mg of the adsorbent, 1?mL of MeOH as washing solvent, and 1?mL of MeOH/acetic acid (85:15,?v/v) as elution solvent were used in the pipette-tip solid-phase extraction procedure. The calibration graphs of rutin in MeOH were linear over 1?200?mug/mL, and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.13 and 0.42?mug/mL. The method recoveries of rutin were in the range of 83.66?98.40% with associated intra- and interday relative standard deviations in the range of 1.31?3.50% and 1.04?2.03%, respectively. The material with 4-bromoaniline showed satisfactory results (recovery: 98.40%). It was potential for the rapid purification of rutin in orange peel sample combined with pipette-tip solid-phase extraction.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

More research is needed about Pd2(DBA)3

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An Annulative Synthetic Strategy for Building Triphenylene Frameworks by Multiple C?H Bond Activations

C?H activation is a versatile tool for appending aryl groups to aromatic systems. However, heavy demands on multiple catalytic cycle operations and site-selectivity have limited its use for graphene segment synthesis. A Pd-catal- yzed one-step synthesis of functionalized triphenylene frameworks is disclosed, which proceeds by 2- or 4-fold C?H arylation of unactivated benzene derivatives. A Pd2(dibenzylideneacetone)3 catalytic system, using cyclic diaryliodonium salts as pi-extending agents, leads to site-selective inter- and intramolecular tandem arylation sequences. Moreover, N-substituted triphenylenes are applied to a field-effect transistor sensor for rapid, sensitive, and reversible alcohol vapor detection.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

Brief introduction of Pd2(DBA)3

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Enantioselective Aza-Heck Cyclizations of N-(Tosyloxy)carbamates: Synthesis of Pyrrolidines and Piperidines

Pd(0)-systems modified with SPINOL-derived phosphoramidate ligands promote highly enantioselective aza-Heck cyclizations of alkenyl N-(tosyloxy)carbamates. The method provides versatile access to challenging N-heterocycles and represents the broadest scope enantioselective aza-Heck protocol developed to date.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

A new application about 52409-22-0

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TETRA-SUBSTITUTED CHRYSENES FOR LUMINESCENT APPLICATIONS

This invention relates to electroluminescent 3,6,9,12-tetrasubstituted chrysenes that are useful in electroluminescent applications. It also relates to electronic devices in which the active layer includes such a chrysene composition.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Enantioselective Synthesis of Phthalides and Isochromanones via Heck?Matsuda Arylation of Dihydrofurans

In this communication, the enantioselective synthesis of phthalides and isochromanones is described through a new palladium-catalyzed Heck?Matsuda arylation/NaBH4-reduction/lactonization sequence of 2,3- and 2,5-dihydrofurans in good overall yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98:2 er). This expeditious synthesis of chiral Heck lactol intermediates allowed the diversification of the strategy to obtain medicinally relevant chiral lactones, amines, and olefins. The natural product 3-butylphthalide was obtained in three steps with an overall yield of 33 % yield in 98:2 er.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Overcoming Time-Dependent Inhibition (TDI) of Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) Resulting from Bioactivation of a Fluoropyrimidine Moiety

Herein we describe structure-activity relationship (SAR) and metabolite identification (Met-ID) studies that provided insight into the origin of time-dependent inhibition (TDI) of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) by compound 1. Collectively, these efforts revealed that bioactivation of the fluoropyrimidine moiety of 1 led to reactive metabolite formation via oxidative defluorination and was responsible for the observed TDI. We discovered that substitution at both the 4- and 6-positions of the 5-fluoropyrimidine of 1 was necessary to ameliorate this TDI as exemplified by compound 19.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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A Pd-catalyzed, boron ester-mediated, reductive cross-coupling of two aryl halides to synthesize tricyclic biaryls

Tricyclic biaryls are important scaffold structures in many natural products and lead compounds in drug discovery. The formation of a biaryl unit is often the key step for the synthesis of tricyclic biaryls. Despite significant progress toward the synthesis of biaryl compounds in recent years, the direct cross-coupling of two different aryl halides is still challenging and robust methods are lacking. Herein we report a direct cross-coupling of two different aryl halides in the presence of a palladium catalyst and boron ester, which provides a new and useful complementary method to synthesize tricyclic biaryls.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Discovery of 7-aminofuro[2,3-c]pyridine inhibitors of TAK1: Optimization of kinase selectivity and pharmacokinetics

The kinase selectivity and pharmacokinetic optimization of a series of 7-aminofuro[2,3-c]pyridine inhibitors of TAK1 is described. The intersection of insights from molecular modeling, computational prediction of metabolic sites, and in vitro metabolite identification studies resulted in a simple and unique solution to both of these problems. These efforts culminated in the discovery of compound 13a, a potent, relatively selective inhibitor of TAK1 with good pharmacokinetic properties in mice, which was active in an in vivo model of ovarian cancer.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method