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Nowadays, the design and synthesis of high-performance and low-cost catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) still remains a significant challenge. Herein, we develop an efficient strategy that utilizes an octahedral Co(II) complex with 2,6-bis(benzimidazol- 2-yl)pyridine (BBP) as the precursor for the synthesis of Co/N-codoped carbon non-precious metal catalyst with unique hollowed-out octahedral structure (Co/N-HCOs). As the favorable structure features, such as the high specific surface area, sufficient active sites and suitable pore structure, the Co/N-HCOs catalyst shows not only highly efficient catalytic activity but also superior stability to commercial Pt/C catalyst for the ORR in alkaline media. Furthermore, the influences of transition metal cations (Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cu2+ and Mn2+) and anions (CH3COO-, Cl- and NO3-) on the structures of the complex precursors and resulting catalysts are also investigated in detail. The results show that all the reactions of metal cations (Co2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+) with anion CH3COO- can form octahedral complex precursors and catalysts. Thereinto, the formation of the hollowed-out octahedral structure is relied on the metal cation (Co2+) and anion (CH3COO-). The present study provides an efficient strategy to synthesize highly efficient octahedral catalysts.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

Awesome and Easy Science Experiments about (2,2′-Bipyridine)dichloropalladium(II)

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14871-92-2, Name is (2,2′-Bipyridine)dichloropalladium(II), belongs to catalyst-palladium compound, is a common compound. HPLC of Formula: C10H8Cl2N2PdIn an article, once mentioned the new application about 14871-92-2.

Good quality Raman spectra of 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) chemisorbed on Pd colloidal particles in deposited Pd colloidal aggregates and in Pd colloid-bpy films obtained with the 514.5 nm excitation are reported. The surface enhancement factor of the Raman signal of bpy adsorbed on deposited Pd colloidal aggregates was determined to be 190.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

Archives for Chemistry Experiments of Bis(benzonitrile)palladium chloride

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Six complexes consisting of either 2,6-bis(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine (bbp) or 2,2?:6?,2?-terpyridine (tpy) moieties coordinated to ruthenium(II) and attached to (pentaphenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene were synthesised and structurally characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Two of the complexes are the first examples of structurally characterised mono-protonated Ru(bbp)(tpy) complexes. The new complexes were studied by NMR, electronic absorption and vibration spectroscopy to gain an understanding of their physical characteristics. Remarkably the mono-deprotonated form of the bbp ligand, but only when attached to (pentaphenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene by a pyridyl phosphoester linker, shows an equivalence of the benzimidazole/benzimidazolate moieties on the NMR time scale, but not on the electronic time scale, as evidenced by UV-Vis and resonance Raman spectroscopy.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Polystyrenes have been synthesized with terminal groups of luminescence square-planar platinum(II) complexes, which can be conceptually regarded as plane-coil diblock copolymers. They can self-assemble into spherical micelles with a core of polystyrenes and a corona of planar platinum(II) complexes in the chloroform/methanol mixture solvents, while free-standing bilayered sheets form in the toluene/methanol mixture solvents. With increasing methanol content in the latter case, where the solvent quality was highly deteriorated for polystyrene blocks, the sheetlike nanostructures are readily transformed into spherical micelles. Pt···Pt and/or pi-pi stacking interactions between the planar platinum(II) blocks contributed significantly to these aggregate morphologies and their evolutions, leading to remarkable luminescence enhancements. This work represents a novel approach to design and synthesize luminescence platinum(II) plane-coil diblock copolymers, in which the planar platinum(II) complexes are for the first time regarded as an individual block for the creation of block copolymers and micellelike aggregates in solution.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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A metal-complex compound which comprises a tridentate chelate ligand having a specified partial structure. An organic electroluminescence device which comprises at least one organic thin film layer sandwiched between a pair of electrode consisting of an anode and a cathode, wherein the organic thin film layer comprises the metal-complex compound, which emits light by applying an electric voltage between the pair of electrode. The present invention provides an organic EL device which emits blue light with high purity and of short wavelength with an enhanced efficiency of light emission.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Syntheses of 1,3-bis(2-benzimidazyl)benzene (bBzlH2Bz) and its N-methylated derivative (N-MebBzlBz) as well as their acid adducts and a few complexes of cobalt(II), CoX2L (X = halogen; L = N-heterocycle) and (ClO4)2, have been described.The heterocycles have been characterised by IR, electronic and NMR spectral data.The electronic and magnetic susceptibility data suggest tetrahedral geometry for CoX2L and (ClO4)2 (L = bBzlH2Bz or N-MebBzlBz), trigonal-bipyramidal for CoX2(N-MebBzlPy) X2 (X = I or ClO4) complexes.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

Can You Really Do Chemisty Experiments About (2,2′-Bipyridine)dichloropalladium(II)

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A number of platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes containing the monoanion of isatin (2,3-dihydroindole-2,3-dione, Hisat) have been synthesized by reaction of the metal halide complex with isatin, in the presence of triethylamine. The complexes have been characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopies and elemental analysis. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study has been carried out on cis-[Pt(isat)2(PPh3)2], which shows two cis-isat ligands with their dicarbonyl functions pointing in opposite directions. Electrospray mass spectrometry was also used for characterisation; the complexes show a strong tendency to form aggregate ions with ammonium ions, and both mono- and di-cationic species are observed.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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PdCl2(bipy) complex (bipy = 2,2?-bipyrydine) efficiently catalyzes the vinylation of aryl halides. The activity of this catalyst for the Heck reactionwas demonstrated for a variety of aryl halides and olefins in the presence of different organic and inorganic bases. The catalyst is stable under the reaction conditions and no degradation was observed. The kinetics of the Heck coupling of styrene with iodobenzene using the PdCl2(bipy) complex with potassium acetate as a base was studied over a temperature range of 393-413 K in 2-nitro-2-methyl-1-propanol medium. An empirical rate model has been proposed to fit the observed data and is found to be in good agreement with experimental results. The activation energy of the reactionwas found to be 98.70 kJ/mol.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

The Absolute Best Science Experiment for Bis(benzonitrile)palladium chloride

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Four new bis(benzimidazole)pyridine (BBP)-containing compounds Zn(BBP)Cl[Au(CN)2], Mn(BBP)[Au(CN)2]2× H2O, Mn(BBP)Br2(MeOH) and Mn(BBP)Cl2(MeOH) ×MeOH have been synthesized and structurally characterized and their birefringence values (Deltan) determined. The structure of Zn(BBP)Cl[Au(CN)2] contains a hydrogen-bonded dimer of Zn(BBP)Cl[Au(CN)2] units which propagate into a 1D chain through Au-Au interactions, although the crystals are of poor optical quality. The supramolecular structure of Mn(BBP)[Au(CN)2]2· H2O forms a 1D coordination polymer through chains of Mn(BBP)[Au(CN)2]2 units, each containing one bridging Au(CN)2 and one forming a 2D sheet through Au-Au interactions. The supramolecular structures of Mn(BBP)Br2(MeOH) and Mn(BBP)Cl 2(MeOH)·MeOH are very similar, consisting of a complex hydrogen-bonded network between NH imidazole, methanol and halide groups to align BBP building blocks. In the plane of the primary crystal growth direction, the birefringence values of the three Mn-containing materials were Deltan=0.08(1), 0.538(3) and 0.69(3), respectively. The latter two birefringence values are larger than in the related 2,2?;6?2?- terpyridine systems, placing them among the most birefringent solids reported. These compounds illustrate the utility of extending the pi-system of the building block and incorporating hydrogen-bonding sites as design elements for highly birefringent materials and also illustrates the effect on the measurable birefringence of the crystal quality, growth direction and structural alignment of the anisotropic BBP building blocks.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Ce3+ complexes exhibit 4f?5d emissions, with wavelengths spanning the range from UV to blue-green, depending on the choice of ligands. Such properties of these complexes, not achieved with conventional lanthanides, such as Eu3+ and Tb3+, make their use in emitting devices promising. However, few studies on Ce3+ complexes have been reported so far, hindering their practical application. In this work, Ce3+ complexes with tridentate terpy (2,2?:6?,2?-terpyridine) and pybim (2,2?-(2,6-pyridinediyl)bis(benzimidazole)) ligands are described. The absorption spectra of both ligands are drastically changed in the presence of Ce3+, which is ascribed to metal-ligand interactions. The Ce3+ complex with terpy (Ce·terpy) exhibits a 4f?5d emission band with the maximum at 405 nm, whereas the corresponding pybim complex (Ce·pybim) has a 4f?5d band with structures at 422 nm and 462 nm. The emission quantum yield, Phiem, for Ce·terpy is equal to 2.6%. For Ce·pybim, depending on the calculation method, Phiem = 2.1% (overall emission) or 0.45% (for the region where the 4f?5d emission is dominant).

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method