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Two analogous multipolar chromophores (1 and 2) that contained 2,3,8-trisubstituted indenoquinoxaline moieties have been synthesized and characterized for their two-photon absorption properties, both in the femtosecond and nanosecond time regimes. We demonstrated that their multi-branched framework structures, which incorporated appropriately functionalized indenoquinoxaline units, afforded large molecular nonlinear absorptivities within the studied spectroscopic range. Effective optical-power-limiting and stabilization behaviors in the nanosecond regime of dye molecule (2) were also investigated and the results indicated that such a structural motif could be a useful approach to the molecular design of highly active two-photon systems for quick-response and related broadband optical-suppressing applications, in particular for confronting laser pulses of a long duration. In pole position: Two multipolar chromophores that were derived from 2,3,8-functionalized indenoquinoxaline units manifest strong and wide dispersed two-photon absorption (2PA) in the NIR region under the irradiation of femtosecond laser pulses. Moreover, these model fluorophores could act as effective power-limiters/stabilizers against nanosecond laser pulses within the same spectroscopic regime. Copyright

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

Discovery of [1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II)

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The first direct arylation via C-OH bond activation of tautomerizable heterocycles has been achieved using phosphonium salts, on the basis of a combination of the phosphonium coupling and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling conditions. Optimal reaction condition is obtained through screening of phosphonium salts, Pd catalysts, and bases. The direct arylation via C-OH bond activation tolerates a variety of tautomerizable heterocycles and aryl boronic acids. The mechanism of the Pd-catalyzed phosphonium coupling is proposed to proceed via a domino seven-step process including the unprecedented heterocycle-Pd(II)-phosphonium species. Application of the Pd-catalyzed direct arylation via C-OH bond activation using PyBroP leads to the most efficient synthesis of the biologically important 6-arylpurine ribonucleoside in a single step from unactivated and unprotected inosine. Copyright

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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We describe a convenient method for the synthesis of multi-substituted allenes from SN2? substitution reactions organoaluminum with propargyl acetates: The SN2? substitution reaction of organoaluminum (0.4 mmol) with propargyl acetates (0.5 mmol) mediated by PdCl2(dppf) (1 mol%) at 60 C in THF without ligand could produce multi-substituted allenes in moderate to good yields (up to 98%) and high selectivities (up to 99%). Their structures have been determined by HRMS and 1H (13C)NMR data.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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The total synthesis of enhygrolide A, a gamma-alkylidene butenolide natural product which exhibits antibacterial activities, is reported. The synthetic route features several key transformations, including a copper mediated Sonogashira/oxacyclization 5-exo-dig process to generate the alkylidene butenolide system and a Suzuki cross-coupling to introduce the benzylic unit. The methodology employed for this total synthesis represents a sufficiently flexible route to allow the synthesis of numerous analogs of these enhygrolides.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

Some scientific research about Bis(tri-tert-butylphosphine)palladium

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The specification of the formula 1 compound and organic light emitting number including […] substrate. (by machine translation)

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

The Absolute Best Science Experiment for Bis(benzonitrile)palladium chloride

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In this paper, an optical sensor, 2,6-bis(2-benzimidazolyl)pyridine, is reported to be highly selective towards aniline. A unique spectral response of 2,6-bis(2-benzimidazolyl)pyridine towards aniline is found, and a linear relationship between the sensor’s emission intensity and the aniline’s concentration is observed, making 2,6-bis(2-benzimidazolyl)pyridine a promising candidate for practicable optical sensors of aniline recognition.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

A new application about 32005-36-0

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One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, HPLC of Formula: C34H28O2Pd, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time.In a article, mentioned the application of 32005-36-0, Name is Bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium, molecular formula is C34H28O2Pd

As with PPh3, mixtures of Pd(dba)2 and n L (L = para-Z-substituted triphenylphosphines, n ? 2) in DMF lead to the formation of Pd(dba)L2 and PdL3 in equilibrium with PdL2. The equilibrium between Pd(dba)L2 and PdL3 is more in favor of PdL3 when the phosphine is less electron rich. In other words, the exchange of the dba ligand by a phosphine from Pd(dba)L2 to form PdL3 is more favored when the phosphine is less electron rich. The less ligated complex PdL2 is the reactive species in the oxidative addition with phenyl iodide. It was therefore expected that the rate of the oxidative addition would increase when the phosphine is more electron rich. However, surprisingly, when the palladium(0) complex is generated from mixtures of Pd(dba)2 and n L (n ? 2), the oxidative addition does not follow a linear Hammett correlation and the reactivity of the palladium(0) complex exhibits a maximum value. This is due to two antagonist effects. Indeed, the overall reactivity in the oxidative addition is governed by two factors: the intrinsic reactivity of PdL2 and its concentration. When the phosphine becomes more electron rich, the complex PdL2 becomes more nucleophilic and its intrinsic reactivity in the oxidative addition increases. However, when the phosphine becomes more electron rich, the concentration of PdL2 decreases because the equilibrium between the palladium(0) complexes becomes more in favor of Pd(dba)L2. These results emphasize the crucial role of the dba ligand on the reactivity of palladium(0) complexes generated in situ in mixtures of Pd(dba)2 and phosphines.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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A Pd(ii)-catalyzed homo-coupling of Au(i)-aryls is reported. The reaction is driven by a Pd(0)/Au(i) redox reaction that generates a gold mirror and Pd(ii), and illustrates one of the challenges for developing dual catalytic Au-Pd systems.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

More research is needed about 1,1′-Bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium dichloride

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In heterogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in a different phase from the reactants. Safety of 1,1′-Bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium dichloride, At least one of the reactants interacts with the solid surface in a physical process called adsorption in such a way. 95408-45-0, name is 1,1′-Bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium dichloride. In an article,Which mentioned a new discovery about 95408-45-0

The reaction of [Pd(dtbpf)Cl2] (dtbpf = 1,1?-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ferrocene) with sodium bromide yields [Pd(dtbpf)Br][Br], which displays an interaction between the iron and palladium atoms. The structure of this compound has been obtained and is compared to those of the previously reported [Pd(dtbpf)X]+ (X = Cl, I) analogues. Similar to [Pd(dtbpf)Cl]+, [Pd(dtbpf)Br]+ appears to undergo a solid-state isomerization at low temperature to a species in which the Fe-Pd interaction is disrupted. In addition to 1H and 31P{1H} NMR and visible spectroscopy, the [Pd(dtbpf)X]+ (X = Cl, Br) compounds were also characterized by zero-field 57Fe Moessbauer spectroscopy. DFT calculations on [Pd(dtbpf)X]+ (X = Cl, Br, I) show that the Fe-Pd interaction is weak and noncovalent and that the strength of the interaction decreases as the halide becomes larger. A related trend is noted in the potential at which oxidation of the iron center occurs; the larger the halide, the less positive the potential at which oxidation occurs. Finally, the catalytic activity of [Pd(dtbpf)X]+ (X = Cl, Br, I) in the arylation of an aromatic ketone was examined and compared to the activity of [Pd(dtbpf)Cl2].

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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A p-tert-butylphenyl substituted 4H-dithieno[2,3-b:3?,2?-e][1,4]thiazine was synthesized by twofold Buchwald-Hartwig coupling. The electronic properties (UV/Vis, cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry) and the DFT-and TD DFT-calculated electronic structure reveal that the parent system and the radical cation and dication oxidation products are highly polarizable pi-systems with strong charge transfer contributions. The radical cation and the dication were prepared by oxidation with antimony(v) pentachloride, giving stable deeply colored salts. EPR spectroscopy of the radical cation furnishes hyperfine coupling constants with the nitrogen nucleus and the alpha-thienyl protons. The dication is EPR silent and was structurally characterized by recording an NMR spectrum.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method