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Synthesis, structural, and electrocatalytic reduction studies of [Pd(P 2N2)2]2+ complexes

A series of four new bis-P2N2 (P2N 2 = 1,5-diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctane) Pd(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and X-ray crystallography. The compounds crystallize in square planar or tetrahedrally distorted geometries and exhibit a single quasi-reversible 2e- Pd(II/0) redox couple in voltammetric studies. [Pd(PPh 2NBn2)2]2+ and [Pd(P Me2NPh2)2]2+ were tested for electrochemical CO2 reduction in the presence of excess protons and found to preferentially produce H2.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Formation of nanostructured polymer filaments in nanochannels

We describe the use of hard etching methods to create nanodimensional channels and their use as templates for the formation of polymer filament arrays with precise dimensional and orientational control in a single integrated step. The procedure is general as illustrated by the radical, coordination, and photochemical polymerizations that were performed in these nanochannels. The nanochannel templates (20 nm high, 20-200 nm wide, and 100 mum long) were fabricated by the combined use of electron-beam lithography and a sacrificial metal line etching technique. Radical polymerization of acrylates, metal-catalyzed polymerization of norbornene, and photochemical polymerization of 1,4-diiodothiophene were carried out in these nanochannels. The polymers grown follow the dimensions and orientation of the channels, and the polymer filaments can be released without breaking. The approach opens up the possibility of just-in-place manufacturing and processing of patterns and devices from nanostructured polymers using well-established polymer chemistry. Copyright

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

The important role of Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate

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Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of substituted 3-hydroxy-2oxindoles

Chemical equation presented Chemical equation presented No more double trouble: The competing double-addition pathway was suppressed when chiral scandium(III) and indium (III) complexes were used to catalyze the addition of indoles and other pi nucleophiles to N-alkylated and unprotected isatins (see picture). The resulting biologically relevant substituted 3-hydroxy-2oxindoles were obtained in high yield with high enantioselectivity. Tf= trifluoromethanesulfonyl.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Receptors for the Hydrazinium Ion. Simultaneous First- and Second-sphere Coordination inside Organopalladium Crown Ether Complexes

Organopalladium crown ether complexes are employed to bind the hydrazinium ion, +, via simultaneous first- and second-sphere coordination featuring ?-donation to Pd and hydrogen bonding to aliphatic ether oxygen atoms.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Navigated self-assembly of a Pd2L4 cage by modulation of an energy landscape under kinetic control

Kinetic control of molecular self-assembly remains difficult because of insufficient understanding of molecular self-assembly mechanisms. Here we report the formation of a metastable [Pd2L4]4+ cage structure composed of naphthalene-based ditopic ligands (L) and Pd(II) ions in very high yield (99%) under kinetic control by modulating the energy landscape. When self-assembly occurs with anionic guests in weakly cooordinating solvent then suitable intermedites and the metastable cage is formed. These conditions also prevent further transformation into the thermodynamically decomposed state. The cage formation pathways under kinetic control and the effect of the anions encapsulated on the self-assembly processes were investigated by QASAP (quantitative analysis of self-assembly process) and NASAP (numerical analysis of self-assembly process). It was found that the self-assembly with a preferred guest (BF4 -) proceeds through intermediates composed of no more components than the cage ([PdaLbXc]2a+ (a ? 2, b ? 4, X indicates a leaving ligand)) and that the final intramolecular cage-closure step is the rate-determining step. In contrast, a weaker guest (OTf-) causes the transient formation of intermediates composed of more components than the cage ([PdaLbXc]2a+ (a > 2, b > 4)), which are finally converted into the cage.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

The important role of Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate

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One of the major reasons for studying chemical kinetics is to use measurements of the macroscopic properties of a system, Application In Synthesis of Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate, such as the rate of change in the concentration of reactants or products with time.In a article, mentioned the application of 21797-13-7, Name is Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate, molecular formula is C8H12B2F8N4Pd

The coordination ability of the organometallic sulfur ligand [Pd3(mu-OAc)3(mu-MeSCHCO2Et-C,S) 3] and the XRD structure of its palladium(II) complex.

The trimetric mixed sphere complex of palladium(II) [Pd3(mu-OAc)3(mu-MeSCHCO2Et-C,S) 3](1) affords [Pd4(mu-OAc)3(mu-MeSCHCO2Et-C,S)(mu 3-MeSCHCO2Et-C,kappa2S) 2(eta2-MeSCHCO2Et-C,S)]BF4 (2) by reaction with the equimolar amount of HBF4 in CH2Cl2. The solvato complex 2-Me2CO crystallizes as monoclinic, space group P21/n, a=13.315(2), b=24.138(2), c=15.049(2) A, beta=105.4(1), U=4663(3) A3, Z=4. Its structure (Rw=0.049) is characterized by the presence of four (ethoxycarbonyl)(methylthio)methanide ligands, with chiral methine carbon and sulfur atoms. The latter display three different coordination modes: kappa1 in a three membered chelate ring and mu2 bridges and kappa2 in mu3 bridges. The tetranuclear cation formally stems from the addition of the chelate cationic fragment [Pd(MeSCHCO2Et-C,S)]+ to a molecule of the starting compound. The formation of 2 highlights the coordination ability of 1 through its sulfur atoms, which is confirmed by the successful synthesis of [Pd{[Pd3(mu-OAc)3(mu-MeSCHCO 2Et-C,S)(mu3-MeSCHCO2Et-C, kappa2S)2]}2](BF4)2 (3) and of [Cu{[Pd3(mu-OAc)3(mu-MeSCHCO 2Et-C,S)(mu3-MeSCHCO2Et-C, kappa2S)2]}2]PF6 (4), by simple addition of 1 to the tetrakis acetonitrile complexes of palladium(II) and copper(I), respectively.

Sometimes chemists are able to propose two or more mechanisms that are consistent with the available data. Application In Synthesis of Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate, If a proposed mechanism predicts the wrong experimental rate law, however, the mechanism must be incorrect.Welcome to check out more blogs about 21797-13-7, in my other articles.

Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

Extended knowledge of Tetrakis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) tetrafluoroborate

A reaction mechanism is the microscopic path by which reactants are transformed into products. Each step is an elementary reaction. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 21797-13-7

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A palladium-catalyzed oxidative aminocarbonylation reaction of alkynone: O -methyloximes with amines and CO in PEG-400

A palladium-catalyzed oxidative aminocarbonylation of O-methyloximes and amines under aerobic conditions with PEG-400 as an environmentally benign medium was accomplished. This novel protocol provides the first straightforward synthetic method for the assembly of structurally diverse 4-carboxamide isoxazoles with high atom- and step-economy and exceptional functional group tolerance. Notably, the employment of ionic liquids as an additive, with air as the sole oxidant, without ligands is an attractive feature of the present approach.

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Reference:
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Enantioselective alternating copolymerization of alpha-olefins with carbon monoxide using a cationic palladium-chiral diphosphine complex

Enantioselective alternating copolymerization of carbon monoxide with propylene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, and styrene was carried out using a palladium catalyst modified by 1,4,3,6-dianhydro-2,5-dideoxy-2,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-L-iditol (DDPPI). The chiral diphosphine was proved to be effective for enantioselective copolymerization. The pure poly(1,4-ketone)s were obtained by dissolving the copolymers containing spiroketal and 1,4-ketone units in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol and reprecipitating with methanol. Optical rotation, elemental analysis, and 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectra showed that our copolymers were optically active, isotactic, alternating poly(1,4-ketone) structures. An oxidant and a weakly or noncoordinating anion were important in the copolymerization.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Calixarene Metalloreceptors. Synthesis and Molecular Recognition Properties of Upper-Rim Functionalized Calix[4]arenes Containing an Organopalladium Binding Site

The compound 5,17-bis(2-chloroacetamido)-25,26,27,28-tetrapropoxycalix[4]arene, 4, was prepared in the cone conformation by the published method. Compound 4 was reacted with alpha,alpha’-m-xylenedithiol and sodium ethoxide under high-dilution conditions in ethanol solution. The resulting macrobicyclic calix[4]arene, HL1, 5, contains a symmetrically disposed macrocyclic loop across the upper rim of the calix[4]arene. Palladation of 5 yielded [Pd(L1)(CH3CN)][BF4], 6. Similarly 5,17-bis[2-(4-(chloromethyl)phenoxy)acetamido]-25,26,27,28-tetrapropoxycalix[4] arene, 8, was used to prepare HL2, 9. Compound 9 is similar to 5 but contains an aromatic spacer group separating the xylyl fragment from the calixarene unit. Palladation of 9 yielded [Pd(L2)(CH3CN)][BF4], 11. All new compounds and complexes were characterized in solution by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the molecular structure of 5 was verified by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Compound 5 crystallized in the space group P21/c with a = 23.5095(1) A, b = 9.9090(1) A, c = 23.3586(1) A, beta= 91.53(1), V = 5439.59(8) A3, and Z = 4. The structure was refined to R(F) = 10.13% and RW(F2) = 21.91% for 5799 reflections with F02 > 2alpha(F02). Compounds 6 and 11 are calix[4]arene-based metalloreceptors containing an organopalladium binding site and a hydrophobic cavity provided by the calix[4]arene. Binding of a substrate through alpha-bonding to the palladium center and interaction within the hydrophobic site were demonstrated in solution by 1H NMR spectroscopy. These multiple receptor-substrate interactions are used by 11 for the molecular recognition of 4-phenylpyridine in the presence of 2-phenylpyridine or 3-phenylpyridine.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method

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Sterically controlled self-assembly of tetrahedral M6L 4 cages via cationic N-donor ligands

Tripodal cationic N-donor ligands exhibit sterically controlled self-assembly of tetrahedral M6L4 coordination cages that promote selective anion encapsulation (PF6- > OTf -) in the solid state. The described method is a potential template for stepwise assembly of hetero-ligand coordination cages and polymers. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.

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Reference£º
Chapter 1 An introduction to palladium catalysis,
Palladium/carbon catalyst regeneration and mechanical application method